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Jeff Rense: OK, and welcome back. We are very honored to have with us one of the truly great people on the scene to try to help us understand the truth of the endless stream of BP, not only gas and oil, and VOCs [Volatile Organic Compounds] from the inner earth, so to speak, but the stream of lies, deceit, and deception that this company continues to throw to peons out here. Today it was exposed that BP was caught photo-shopping a picture of their so-called crisis command center. What BS! Let's just change the name of the company right now and be done with it. Chris Landau has made a video. A number of them. He has been on talk shows, he has been in print, his articles and columns appear on opednews.com, he is a true expert in the field. He is a South African by birth. He was a well-driller down there. He has worked on oil fields in wells in the States here, he knows of which he speaks. And this thing, obviously if you listen to the YouTube video at Rense.com, in the oil box, I have held it up longer than any other, because it is that good. I will try and get the exact name for you so that you can find it. I will put Chris' name in front of it. Tell us the story. I mean he lays it right out there. So let's go to California and say hello to Chris Landau. Hi Chris, thanks so much for being here tonight.
Chris Landau: Thank you very much for having me on the show.
Jeff Rense: Well, it is my pleasure. This company, like Halliburton, like Brown and Root, all the rest of them. Why is it that all of these major international power brokers lie through their teeth and mock the normal public. They just laugh at us. They pulled this crappy photo shop thing off this morning. It is absurd. Now we have got video, that I am just uploading, of one of the ROV's driving through clouds of gas and oil coming up out of the sea floor. So if you would, Chris, let's step back and kind of get an overview through your mind and your eyes and expertise about where we are. But before we do that, give us a little bit of your background so that our listeners know that you are more than qualified to speak to these issues.
Landau: Well, I became a geologist a million years ago, in 1980. And I did water well drilling for about five years and did exploration for underground water using the Schumberg [spelling?] method for geophysics. When I came to the United States in 2003, I worked on oil and gas rigs for a year and a half, logging on about 70 wells here, and on about 50 high pressure oil and gas wells.
Rense: Yes. 50 high pressure oil and gas wells. So this is right up your alley.
Landau: Yes. So we drilled around here in California down to about 2 and a half miles, ten to twelve thousand feet, and they were interesting in the sense that we were using 17, 18 pounds mud weight, and it was high pressure. It was one where we had sort of a blow-out, and on others where they destroyed the formation, and they lost the drilling mud down the well. I spent three weeks on that well. Lucky there was not any oil and gas in it. They just destroyed the formation and kept losing the drilling mud down the well, similar to what has happened on this well, but where they have destroyed or blown out the formation in this well, they did have oil and gas, and it has come up through the --
Rense: Chris, when you say "destroyed the formation," we have got a well here over 30,000 feet deep. How much of the formation has been destroyed? That is a tough question to ask because we really don't know without incredibly accurate seismic readings which go down 30,000. But to your knowledge, and your best guesstimate, how much of the geology has been ruined where this well bore has gone through?
Landau: Well, 30,000 feet is not the same thing. They are saying the well is 18,300 --
Rense: B.S. It is way beyond that.
Landau: OK. What has happened is that when they drilled the formation, when they go to get the oil and gas, they would have gone through about 7 to 50 horizons of oil and gas on the way down to their final depth. And as they went down through these, they would have got various kicks of oil and gas at different depths, say at 12,000, 13,000, 14,000 or whatever.
Rense: Right.
:Landau: And those are many horizons that people are not aware of that are also the porous zones where the oil and gas is now being lost into those horizons. They over-pressurized the drilling mud when they were drilling, so they laid the drilling mud too dense for the well. So that it went out into the formation. The specific gravity might have been, say, 2.8 grams per cubic centimeter for the drilling mud and for the formation, and the mud might have been only 2.4 grams per cubic centimeter. So the drilling mud went into the formation and broke it up. Shattered it and over also pressurized -- the porous spaces crumbled. Now when you have done that, you can no longer seal a well because you have destroyed it, made it too porous like a car tube tire, a car tire that has got,say, about 50 holes in it, and you are trying to seal that. So the directional wells that they are drilling now to seal the well won't work either.
Rense: Right.
Landau: So we have a blown out formation, we have got a ballooned up well, which means it has been hollowed out by the drilling process and all the drilling mud during the process when they were drilling. And it is not going to seal, ever. Putting eight relief wells around the wells --
Rense: That is your solution. That is your proposition.
Landau: Yes,
Rense: Put in eight relief wells, to go into this shattered formation and start to extract the oil that is obviously still coming up and will continue to come up, and fill in these shattered cavities. Now my question -- is that correct -- what I just said --
Landau: Yes, that is correct.
Rense: OK. The idea of relief wells, one is a backup, and one is supposed to do the job. They are down to 15,000 feet. They tried to get below, obviously, where most of the damage, the geological damage, in their estimation occurred. That is what they are hoping to get to. A depth where the integrity of the well bore is still substantial enough where they can somehow pinch it off, kill it, or put a shaped micro-nuke in there to allegedly fuse the geology.
Landau: I don't think that will work.
Rense: Yes, go ahead and tell us why.
Landau: Well, once you have blown out a formation, you have now got a very porous zone. It is hugely porous, and you can no longer seal it. So when you come in with your new drill hole into the porous zone, instantaneously as you intersect the new well, all the drilling mud you have in your existing pipe disappears into this porous zone and you are now left with a probable second blow-out which will happen on your well which you are drilling to solve the problem. Because the drilling mud cannot be kept in an over porous zone. It is like pumping into a vacuum.
Rense: Well it is like a big block of Swiss Cheese with holes in caverns and cavities everywhere.
Landau: Instantaneously it is just all lost.
Rense: OK, now the idea of a relief well going down 15,000 feet, angling over not 90 degrees but certainly angling over to 60-70 degrees, and intersecting a 22 inch in diameter casing with the well bore inside seems to me to be like an awful long shot. And if they do get right on to that pipe, they are going to apparently attempt to go inside of it to open it up. Can you explain that to people, please, what their alleged plan is supposed to do and how it is going to work?
Landau: Well, the plan is not going to work so I cannot explain it to anybody.
Rense: Well there you go.
Landau: It does not make any sense to me, so I cannot even begin to explain it. You can only work on a situation where -- you can only kill a well if you are keeping the oil and gas pressure out of the well. That means you have got a well that you have drilled, that has a good stability. The integrity of the structure is sound, and as you are pushing your drilling mud down, you can keep the gas and the oil up in the formation, because you can create enough back pressure to push it out. Once you have destroyed that whole structure, you cannot bring in another hole into a destroyed structure and try and seal it. That doesn't work.
Rense: So it is all again B.S.
Landau: I can't explain it, sorry. You are going to have to explain it to me.
Rense: Ha! OK, it is absurd. It is another ruse, is all it is. I think that honestly these so-called relief wells are being used to ultimately --the ultimate fallback will be a shaped nuclear detonation down there, which is even more insane, which we will talk about with Chris Landau in just a couple of minutes. This man is the best of the best in terms of analytical overviews of geology and this whole petrochemical, as it is, nightmare, hydrocarbon nightmare, ultimately, and all the VOC's and everything else. Remember when they said the other day, we have a break here, but methane was confirmed to be bubbling up three kilometers away. And they said there was no relation whatsoever to this.
Landau: Right.
Rense: Who believes anything BP says anymore?
Landau: Nobody.
Rense: Nobody. I don't know anybody. I will be right back with Chris in just a minute. [11:09]
Rense: OK, right back with you and Chris Landau. When they talk about the bubbles -- by the way, there is still a press blackout. They are not letting the press into that area. Three kilometers away, bubbles. Oh, a few bubbles. It could be a thirty or forty foot wide area where it is a foamy sea of bubbles. We don't know. They are not telling us. They are not about to tell us. If we can, Chris, I would like to go down with you geologically starting at a mile deep and what that sub sea floor strata in fact is like, what the formations are like. Compared to land, is it just the same as land, but underwater, or is it different under the sea?
Landau: Well, it is different for every well that you drill, but I have not worked in the Gulf of Mexico, but assuming it would be the same as most places, you would have layers of silk stone, layers of mud stone, layers of limestone. Alternating layers of these. And so when you get into the ones that are porous, and calcareous porous sandstone, that is where you find most of your oil and gas. In those zones.
Rense: Right.
Landau: Those are the ones that would be producing the oil. But one must remember that we are dealing with some 30 to 50 horizons. Some of them two inches or six inches thick. Some twenty feet thick. And please don't picture it as one horizon of oil and gas at the bottom. When I look at all my oil wells, I came along from a university with some sort of concept of a single reservoir and a single layer of gas about the oil. That is not how it works. You have got at least on a well of this depth, at least , 30 to 50 horizons of oil and gas. Different horizons, each of them with their own pressure and so when they talk about sealing this particular layer -- with what layer? I have always been asking for the last three months to show us the mud logs. Show us the geological logs that exist for the well, and I have yet to see any. And so I would love somebody to tell me they have access to the geological mud logs and we can all analyze and solve this problem instantaneously.
Rense: Don't hold your breath. They are not about to let that out. So it is interesting. When he talks about horizons, he is talking obviously about formations, layers, in which each has its own particular configuration of oil and or gas. They are all different, like just layer after layer in a sandwich. It just keeps going. Some are thicker, some are thinner. This is an issue, the magnitude of it is just not known by most people, and what I am trying to get across to people is if they went down 30,000 plus feet -- if they went down 18,000 feet -- I don't know, they are not telling us. We do know that Schlumberger [pronounced "Shlumberzhay"], or "Schlum - berger" [rhyming with "hamburger"] as some people pronounce it -- I knew one of the Schlumberger family members -- but they got their engineers off just hours before. They had been having trouble with these wells since last February. It was a rough well. What do you call a well that bucks and has trouble and doesn't go smoothly?
Rense: Well, then you are dealing with a situation where you are not monitoring your mud weight. And they were messing around on this well. The formation was very brittle and broken, and they overpressured the well. They put in a mud-density, as they call it, a mud weight, that was too dense for this well. So when, at the commission or the hearing on the 28th of May, they had lost thousands of barrels of mud down this well. And when it doesn't go smoothly, and you are losing your drilling mud down the well, that is the bizarre stuff, because your formation is too brittle, too broken, and you no longer have any control on that well. The only thing that is going to save you is your blowout preventer. And their blow-out preventer wasn't there to save them this time. I call it a mess. You must seal a well. If you start blowing out the formation and losing the mud down the well, that is when you plug and abandon that well instantly, because you are going to end up with a mess.
Rense: And they didn't do it. They kept right on going.
Landau: They did, and that was stupidity deluxe.
Rense: OK, now the BOP [Blow Out Preventer; see for example "New Oil Leak Found In BP Gulf Oil Spill BOP"] -- and I didn't know this -- here we think of America as an oil pioneer, drilling science and all that. Experts. They sent that original BOP to China for retrofitting and tuning up. And the story I read said it was common to send BOP's to China for rebuilding, reconfiguring, whatever. Did you know this?
Landau: I know nothing about those. I never dealt with them or whether they were sent to China or not. All I know is that I read that this thing that was badly serviced and needed servicing and was leaking and it just seems like chaos. That they were running something like this with a blow-out preventer from the local junk yard, which seems to be the case.
Rense: Well, they had sent it to China, according to the story that I read, for repair and refurbishing. Which I guess goes along with a lot of Chinese products these days that come back here to the West. Not the best of workmanship. One wonders, one wonders. All right, this is all very interesting. What you are hearing from Chris Landau is in -- working up to this-- we are going to do a break here again, and come back with the long segment -- the geology, potentially, down to 30,000 feet, not in one totality, but certainly in multiple places, has been destroyed and caved in. There are big pockets, there are probably caverns, we don't know what they look like. Chris would know. But this is a mess. This is not something that a relief well is going to help. Chris' proposal again, what you have seen in the video at Rense.com, "Geology destroyed, new cap won't stop seabed leaks," I am going to launch that with Landau in front of it so you will all see it. It is not going to happen. They are not going to pull it off. Chris is proposing at least eight wells to be drilled into this shattered geology. These various horizons that have been compromised to begin to pull the oil and gas out and keep the pressure under control. One well, one relief well, blowout number two. Be right back with Chris Landau in just a couple. [18:29]
Rense: OK, back to Chris Landau. So the BP lies continue. The relief wells, forget it. They I guess took a shot and said, "Let's go 15,000 feet, we will get underneath all the damage. Can they know for sure, Chris? There is no way to know, is there?
Landau: No, this business of being underneath all the damage is a joke to begin with. If you had a car tire, again I always use that analysis --
Rense: That is a great analogy.
Landau: You make, say, 50 holes in the car tire, and you connect your hose to blow up the tire to the and you start pumping air in, it does not matter where you pump that air in, whether the section is in the middle or the top, or whether the valves are at the top or the bottom of the tire. About 50 holes are there in the tire. And the drilling mud is just going to leak out those holes. At the moment the oil and gas is leaking out those holes. We should be getting 17,000 -- I worked out 16,682 pounds per square inch pressure out of a well just based on a conservatively --on a 17 ton mud weight.
Rense: Really.
Landau: The well that I worked on in the 10,000, - 12,000 foot well, and this one is at least 18,000 feet deep, so we should be probably even higher. So they are reporting 6,800 and there are basically 10,000 pounds per square inch missing because that is what they had when they were drilling. So it is now missing and it is going into the formation and causing the bubbles and the oil that are coming up in the fractures around the well.
Rense: OK, so the new cap is pushing back, and that 10,000 psi is not being exerted on the new cap. It is just blowing off laterally into the formations.
Landau: Correct.
Rense: OK, now if these lunatics put a shaped nuclear charge or any kind of an explosive in there, and the idea is that they have these advanced technologies with the Pentagon, they say "You can't tell --you can't let it out, it is a big secret " that can light off and achieve temperatures as hot as the surface of the sun, and apparently in nanoseconds or less instantly fuse everything. That is their big game plan. That is still on the table. It is not viable, it is not possible, because of all the fractures and all the failures in the geology to do that. There is not enough material in many places to be involved with that. It just wouldn't work for a variety of reasons.
Landau: Yes. It won't work.
Rense: OK, now this well, if it is 30,000 feet, could it cause the same kinds of geological damages all the way down?
Landau: Yes.
Rense: If they were to blow something off in shattered geology, what is likely, potentially, to happen, Chris Landau?
Landau: Well when you think of these fusing things, most people have this idea of the fusing of the sands when the initial atomic bomb blows up, and all you do is you might fuse a bit of the loose sand. It could be a couple of inches thick.
Rense: Yes, there is a tiny amount, yes.
Landau: When you let off a bomb blast, you actually break things. I have never known of a decent bomb blast that didn't break, shatter, break, and smash everything to pieces. Bombs don't seal. They just make bigger cracks and add to the destruction. So I cannot buy, even in force capacity, using an atomic bomb or any kind of normal bomb to seal anything. It just doesn't make any sense to me. I have heard it said that bombs don't break, I mean they don't seal, they smash everything to pieces.
Rense: All right. So if we have got a few seeps now, and they are talking about two, maybe three, there could really be ten or twenty, there could be more popping up each day. Correct?
Landau: Yes. Yes.
Rense: And in point of fact, the geology and the psi suggest that that would have to happen, does it not?
Landau: Yes. Yes, it will happen. So as I said, there is a missing 10,000 psi which they had when they were drilling. They were working with at least with a 17 pound mud weight and possibly as high as 20. So there is at least 10,000 pounds per square inch missing and that is just going out in the formation. It is going to crack the formation more. Create more funneling, with the oil and gas through the formation, and wear things out more. And erode things away like a high pressure hose with holes, and so you have got more distraction and you have got more oil and gas coming up next to the well and in the surrounding fractures around the well. It is just one big ongoing disaster.
Rense: The amount of oil that actually reached the surface is said to be between 1 and 3 percent. 97% or thereabout is deep under water. The dispersant kept it down. There are enormous plumes of oil down there. Some people are projecting 140 mile wide plumes, lakes of oil, that have been mixed with this Corexit. Maybe other dispersants, I don't know. But it is not the same. This super tanker, this super skimmer, could not skim the oil because of what the Corexit had done to it. That is why that big ship did not work. The Taiwanese investor was furious. This is a story I read that did not make much news. They couldn't get this ship to work because the oil wasn't as it usually is. It had been compromised with the chemicals in the dispersant. So that is another thing. Now if they light off any kind of explosive, we all have vivid images of the alleged casing and well bore spewing gas and oil out. You could multiply that by a hundred or thousand potentially if there is a massive cave-in which allows access to the mother lode of VOCs, methane, oil, all the gases that are down there, hydrogen sulfide. This could be a world-changing event far beyond that which we have already projected. Is that a fair and safe estimate?
Landau: Well, I think it is going to get worse and worse as more and more oil and gas comes up to the surface, through the fractures and --.
Rense: That is a given, but if they blow it with something --
Landau: I see the Gulf of Mexico being a big mess for a long time with all the oil and gas that has been released.
Rense: All right, we will be right back in just a couple of minutes with Chris, hang on. [25:46]
Landau: OK, and we are back with Chris Landau. All right Chris, so any kind of explosion of any variety of any type or any shape or any size could cause a massive cave-in which could -- we remember the pipe, 22 inches-- with gases and oil billowing out of it -- allegedly up to 50-60-70,000 psi -- I don't know that to be a fact, that was never confirmed -- certainly not confirmed by BP -- but what could result in addition to the natural seeps, naturally from the damages that have been done to the earth are going to be coming up. This could be an absolute catastrophe. If they open the door to that major, massive --somebody calculated it and projected it to be the size of Mt. Everest down there of gas and VOCs and oil -- they could never -- it could continue for years and decades and who knows?
Landau: It also depends on one other interesting thing which nobody seems to bother to do, and that is whether this oil is renewable new oil or if it is old oil. Is it abiotic oil or is it just the normal biological oil that they speak about? You know the Eastern side, the Russians, from 1950 onward, developed the good chemical equations and developed the good thermodynamics to predict that all the oil is actually created abiogenically or inorganically. And there are two processes that are presented in my papers to the American Institute for Professional Geologists in October of last year [Editor's note: Please see abstracts in the Appendix below] where one categorically can state that oil, gas, and coal is all inorganic, and if is inorganic, and being produced from formations, and basically the two syntheses that produce oil are the Fischer-Tropsch process, like the one that they use in South Africa, where they produce 50% of the gasoline out of carbon monoxide and water vapor, so they produce 30% of their country's gas there. That was produced by the Germans in the 1920's and used during the Second World War. By then when they couldn't get to the oil fields in Turkey and Russia, they had to produce their own gasoline, so they took carbon monoxide and water and pressurized it and made their own gasoline. The other process is called the Wurtz synthesis, and this takes two metal compounds, mixes them together to form an ethane, and they are mixed together with other methyls to form a propol compound and a butyl and a pentyl, until you get a hexyl and cyclo hexyl compound. And you can make oil, gas, and coal inorganically from calcareous formations, carbon dioxide and methane gas. You can make all the petroleum compounds from that. And I believe that most oil and gas is young, 5 to 50 to a 100,000 years old. And it is even being made right now. So if it is being generated right now in the presence of hydrogen sulfide in large fracture zones, you are not going to be able to stop this, because it is being generated all the time.
Rense: Right.
Landau: And so your deep wells are a real problem, because you are tapping into the areas where the gas is being generated, so there is no such thing as we are going to deplete this. You are not going to deplete this because it is being formed all the time.
Rense: Correct.
Landau: That is a major problem that no nobdy is tackling and nobody is dating the oil. I would love for five universities to go in and date the oil because they would find it young.
Rense: I believe you. I believe it is almost in a precursor state to what we normally withdraw from surface or not very deep oil fields. Which in many cases are actually replenished over the years.
Landau: Yes.
Rense: They are pumped down to nothing, and the earth sends up more oil. That is just a natural process. It is pushed to the surface and they are all of a sudden rich with oil again.
Landau: Yes. I mean they are going down to the deeper areas where it is being made now. Beforehand they were getting oil out of the areas where it had percolated. It is lighter than water and moves up through the rock formations. And they were getting the shallow stuff, not in the zone of two miles further down where it is being made. Now they are getting to the areas where it is being made, and it is much more difficult to control. By the way, I am drilling with drilling mud. You can't work beyond 22,000 psi because drilling mud has to support the actual -- has to pressurize the gas. People speak about the 70 or 80,000 -- that is not possible, because the drilling mud has to balance it. You cannot get beyond 24 pounds mud weight, and nobody speaks about 24 pounds mud weight using barium and [unintelligible] sulfate, iron sulfite, to keep the oil and gas down. 22,000 pounds per square inch is an absolute maximum. Beyond that you couldn't work with drilling mud. You would have to use something I have never heard of. So just to clarify that business. I know it is not nice because these people who bandy these large numbers around -- the drilling mud would be blown straight out of the ground, even probably mercury as your drilling mud would be blown out of the ground.
Rense: Interesting.
Landau. Not possible. But 22,000 is enormous and I am looking at somewhere between 17-22,000 as the absolute maximum.
Rense: Well, 22,000 is so destructive in its force, people don't understand it. I have a little home pressure washer, 300 pounds psi. It accidentally hit my finger. I did not have a glove on, and it tore the top layer of skin off as if it was nothing.
Landau: I did the same thing. [Laughter]. Just the same thing.
Rense: Just 300 psi.
Landau: Yes. That would -- unbelievable, so destructive. Would stand with you like a laser beam, just cut up everything.
Rense: Well, what should they do? If you were in charge, what would you do right now. Pull that cap off?
Landau: The cap does not really matter. Whether it is there or not there, that is not the solution. It is irrelevant at best. Smoke and mirrors. It is making people feel happy about what they are seeing. People are focusing on the cap -- that is not the solution. The solution is to drill the eight relief wells, and if you start drilling one and it goes into a blown out area formation, fill it in instantly. Don't continue drilling with it. Start a new one and keep expanding that zone. I would start 1,500 feet away from an existing well. If that is too close, move out to 2,500 feet. Repressurize the zone. Haul all the oil and gas out of that area and keep the oil and gas running until the pressure in that zone drops to 2,300 psi which is the weight of sea water, and the sea water will seep it down. So you need to keep pumping and keep extracting the oil and gas from that area, recognize that the well is destroyed. Forget it, recognize it. It is everybody's fault. It is Halliburton, it is BP, it is Schlumberger, it is Transocean, it is all of them. They should all be sued from here to kingdom come. It is all of their fault. And just recognize that and forget it. Move on, and just do the thing that you can do, the only thing you can do, is depressurize the area.
Rense: Is anybody even talking about this beside you?
Landau: No. I don't see it at all. I think that everybody's in a fool's paradise and dreamland and pretending that this hasn't even happened. Conning themselves, conning each other. I have no idea. You tell me. The lack of intelligence.
Rense: It is amazing, The human species is quite adept and adroit at denial. It is a national pastime now. "Oh, the economy is recovering. Oh don't worry." Oh my,we are in trouble. This is only going to get worse and worse. More leaks by the day. In all likelihood, all this blown geology now, do you think it is full or still filling, all these caverns and crevices and they call them seeps. They kept calling it an oil spill. They call these leaks "seeps." My God, they are crazy.
Landau: Exactly.
Rense: Yes, of course.
Landau: You spill things from the top.
Rense: Right.
Landau: You spill your cool drink. You don't spill anything. Oil is gushing from the bottom. It is a stupid word, but that is what we use today.
Rense: Well, 40% of the Gulf may be covered with oil on the bottom now, and these plumes. There is really no way to get rid of that. That is just there. This talk of, this idiot Obama and his talk, his people, pull the cap off and lets recover this oil the way we were recovering it. Hell, only 1% of the oil ever made it to the surface. They weren't recovering anything. It is a joke.
Landau: It is not going to work. That is a silly idea. We have got to move on and extract the oil from the area and depressurize. This is the only long term solution.
Rense: And there is no way to eventually stop it. You are going to have to keep tapping it. Correct? To equalize the pressure.
Landau: Oil is being generated right now, and the way to tell that is you date the oil. You date the oil every week.
Rense: Yes, yes.
Landau: If the oil is getting older, you know that you getting to old oil. If it stays the same or is getting younger, then your oil is being generated right now.
Rense: I understand.
Landau: It is a simple process. Get the universities involved.
Rense: Do you think BP is doing this and not telling anyone?
Landau: Who knows.
Rense: Or do you think they are not going that far?
Landau: I cannot get anybody to date the oil. I cannot get anybody to take this whole thing seriously. The Russians have already done it -- but I am not -- I don't find the literature there -- and I would spend more time on that -- on dating the oil, because that would answer everybody's questions about what is really going on in this so-called scarcity of oil that they propagate around the world, that it is a fossil fuel that is running out. It is just a way for making money, but it is all nonsense.
Rense: One of the biggest scams of our lifetimes is peak oil, of course.
Landau: Yes, that is right.
Rense: It is just screwing the middle classes and everybody else with the supply and demand game and keeping the supply under control. It is nothing new. Old games, old games. What we are dealing with here, ladies and gentlemen, is a crisis. And what you have just heard and what you are hearing from Chris Landau is common sense, which we have been woefully, ritually out of from day one. We are not getting any. Chris, thank you so much for being here tonight. Would you come back some time and update us further?
Landau: Sure. Thank you very much for having me.
Rense: Well, it has been my pleasure. Take care.
Landau: Thank you, and good night.
Rense: Good night. Mr. Chris Landau, an oil geologist, obviously a brilliant man. Common sense, when have you heard common sense in the mainstream media about this? You haven't. Not there. These people are playing with a catastrophe of unimaginable proportions if they carry on the way that they are doing. And they will. All right, we will be back with you again tomorrow night. See you in 21 hours.




Other References:

2010-07-14 BP Blown out well should not be pressure tested by Chris Landau (geologist), OpEdNews

2010-06-11 B.P., Halliburton and TransOcean Have Unleashed Armageddon and Now There is No Stopping It, OpEdNews, r "We need to know if this oil is 10 to 100 years old and if its age is changing as it escapes. Is the escaping oil getting older or younger? So we need to start dating the oil on a weekly basis to see what is happening."

Web Sites

Chris Landau biography page and articles archive at OpEdNews
Jeff Rense: rense.com.

Appendix:

Professional articles

Association of Engineering and Environmental Geologists in 2008 (AEG). See http://www.aegweb.org/files/public/abstracts.pdf

NATURAL GAS AND COAL SYNTHESIS
FROM LIMESTONE AND CARBON DIOXIDE

LANDAU, Chris, 6764 Therese Trail, Browns Valley, CA 95918, chrislandau@yahoo.com (TS#17)

I suggest that inorganic pathways exist for producing coal, natural gas and oil from dolomite(CaMgCO3), calcium carbonate(CaCO3) (limestone), calcium carbonate rich sandstones and mudstones, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. The carbon in the calcium carbonate is changed to methane and other natural gases by heat, pressure and by reducing hydrogen sulphide gas and water. Active fault zones are a source of hydrogen sulphide gas, carbon dioxide gas and water. Under reducing conditions water poor regions will produce coal. With more water, natural gases are produced. With abundant water, oil is produced.
Natural gas is found within, below and above limestone or calcium rich sandstone layers. These layers are the source of methane. They are not the traps for natural gas. In a reducing environment, limestone is changed to methane.

CaCO3(limestone)+4H2S(hydrogen sulphide)+2Fe(iron) =Ca (OH)2(hydrated lime)+CH4(methane)+H20(water)+2FeS2(Pyrite)

Also, in the presence of water and hydrogen sulphide, a reducing and hydrating environment, methane, lime and sulphur tri-oxide are produced.

CaCO3+H20+H2S = CH4 +Ca (OH) 2+SO3 (sulphur tri-oxide)

Coal and methane may form by carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide bubbling out of volcanic vents in the presence of hydrogen sulphide (black smokers) No limestone is necessary.

H2S will react with salt-water brines to produce HCl (hydrochloric acid).

H2S+2NaCl (salt) = 2HCl+Na2S

Hydrochloric acid reacts with calcium carbonate to produce carbon dioxide.

1) 3CO2(carbon dioxide) + H2S = 3CO(carbon monoxide) +H2O+SO2 (sulphur dioxide)
2) SO2 +CaCO3 = CaSO4+CO
Sulphur dioxide converts limestone to gypsum or anhydrite.
3) H2S + 3CO = 3C (coal/lignite) +H2O+SO2
Carbon dioxide and water with hydrogen sulphide will produce methane gas.
4) 2C + H2S + 3 H2O =2 CH4 + SO3

The accepted origin for coal and gas is through forests and plankton being buried under heat and pressure. Tree fern fossils or pterodactyl fossils and dinosaur bones in coal do not mean that these fossils created the coal. The fossils were preserved in non – oxidizing, reducing conditions. Plankton in oil means that these reducing conditions preserved these organisms. The plankton did not create the oil. Coal is therefore a chemical sedimentary deposit as is chert (SiO2) and dolomite (CaMgCO3). Oil and gas are inorganic by-products of reducing environments and conditions. With further reduction and in the presence of iron, coal and seashells, are changed to pyrite. Gastropod shells are often seen under reducing conditions, perfectly preserved and made of pyrite. The Petrified Forest, which represent tree trunks turned to stone, under siliceous conditions, does not mean that living trees when buried, are always preserved in carbon form. The fossils outlines are preserved, but they are altered to the chemistry that surrounds them.

The other was to The American Institute of Professional Geologists (AIPG) in October 2009. See http://www.aipg.org/Meetings/2009%20Annual%20Meeting/2009proceedings.pdf, page 94.

HOW THE EARTH SEQUESTRATES OIL, NATURAL GAS AND COAL FROM CARBON DIOXIDE AND CARBON MONOXIDE UNDER REDUCING CONDITIONS

 
Chris Landau, chrislandau@yahoo.com, (530)742-7328 (USA),
(530)933-5738 (cell)

[Page 92, Proceedings, AIPG Rocky Mountains and the Colorado Plateau Canyons, Resources & Hazards, Grand Junction, Colorado, October 3-7, 2009]

Abstract

I suggest that inorganic chemical pathways exist for producing coal, natural gas and oil from dolomite (CaMgCO3), Calcium carbonate (CaCO3), (limestone), calcium carbonate rich sandstones and mudstones, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide. I propose that the carbon in the
calcium carbonate is changed to Methane and other hydrocarbon gases and liquids by heat, pressure and by reducing hydrogen sulfide and water.

I have set out in simplified chemical equations some of the reactions I believe to be taking place.

My ideas differ slightly from published research that I could find.

The main differences are:

*I have emphasized that coal is inorganic
*I believe we are forming coal, oil and gas today and replenishing the natural reserves.
* Active fault zones and regions of tectonic activity increase all natural hydrocarbon production.
* Dolomite and limestone are being converted to natural gas oil and coal today at 1-2 miles in depth. I accept that natural gas and oil are being made at 150 kilometers in depth as well.
* Hydrogen sulfide is a major contributing reducing chemical to calcareous formations, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.

My ideas are as follows.

I came to these conclusions after logging about 70 miles of calcareous sediments in the 7000’- 11500’ wells that were drilled in California’s central valley from 2005 to 2007. I sought equations to explain the hundreds of feet of coal that I logged in the gas wells between 6000 and 8000 feet encountered in deep water marine environments around Rio Vista, California. Shallow water lagoon environments, that were proposed as an explanation, did not make any sense for producing coal at these depths. In any case the oil companies were looking for oil and gas. Coal was of no interest. It was simply a distraction. I thought that my ideas were unique. I see that this is an area that has actively been investigated for more than 50 years and been contemplated by academics for more than 200 years. Strangely enough these concepts are not part of main-stream literature or school text books yet.

Natural gas is found within, below and above limestone or calcium rich sandstone layers.

These layers are the source of methane. They are not the traps for natural gas.

[page 93]

In a reducing environment, limestone is changed to methane.
The starting reactants are on the left side of the equation.
The final reactants are on the right.
I have included the change in delta G (Gibbs free energy equation). When these values are negative the equation reaction favours the products on the right.
When the value is positive the reverse reaction is favoured. Most reactions are reversible depending on heat and pressure.
The values are calculated for the reactions occurring at standard temperature (25 degrees Celsius) and pressure and at 1 atmosphere.

The main synthesis is:

CaCO3 (limestone)+4H2S(hydrogen sulphide)+2Fe(iron) = Ca (OH)2(hydrated lime)+CH4(methane)+H20(water)+2FeS2(Pyrite)
delta G = - 90kJ/mol

In the presence of water and hydrogen sulphide, a reducing and hydrating environment, methane and gypsum are produced if temperatures and pressures are raised.

CaCO3+3H20+H2S = CH4 +CaSO4 (Gypsum)
delta G = + 28kJ/mol

Coal and methane may form by carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide bubbling out of volcanic events. in the presence of hydrogen sulphide (black smokers). The presence of water and hydrogen will form other reactions No limestone is necessary. The reactions are well known in chemistry synthesis. I therefore include their names.

CO (carbon monoxide) + H2O (water) = CO2 + H2 (hydrogen)
delta G = - 20kJ/mol
The Water Gas Shift Reaction

CO2(carbon dioxide) + 4 H2 (hydrogen) = CH4 +2H20
delta G = - 131kJ/mol
Sabatier Reaction with Al2O3 as the catalyst (corundum)

Fischer-Tropsch Reaction.

(2n+1) H2 + n CO = CnH(2n+2) + nH2O

3H2 + CO = CH4 + H2O If n=1, Methane is produced
delta G = - 151kJ/mol

5H2 + 2 CO = C2H6 + 2H2O If n=2, Ethane is produced
delta G = - 216kJ/mol

More and more energy is released as longer chain alkanes are created in this Fischer-Tropsch Reaction.

The Fischer-Tropsch Reaction, invented in Germany in the 1920’s. This Syngas process was perfected by SASOL, over the last 50 years, where gasoline and diesel are extracted from coal. 30% of South Africa’s fuel needs are supplied.


MAKING GASOLINE FROM METHANE BY THE WURTZ SYNTHESIS

Where methane bubbles through salt water brines, methane combines with chlorine to form methyl chloride. 2 Methyl chloride molecules are bound together by the action of a sodium ion from salt to form ethane. Longer chain alkanes are simply created by adding ethane to methane to form propane. 2 ethyl chloride can form butane. This may be one of the chief mechanism for creating hydrocarbons around underground salt domes.

CH3Cl + 2Na+ + CH3Cl = C2H6 + 2NaCl
delta G = -195kJ/mol

Methyl Chloride + Sodium ions + Methyl Chloride = Ethane + Salt

Longer chain hydrocarbon creation is a simple addition of alkyl chlorides to form alkanes.


Hydrogen Sulphide will react with iron to form pyrite. With ongoing reduction, hydrogen sulphide will also react with carbon to form pyrite bands in coal and emit methane gas. The carbon is further reduced to methane gas. Even calcareous shells will be reduced to pure pyrite.

Fe (iron) + 2H2S + C = FeS2 (pyrite) + CH4
delta G = - 149kJ/mol

Water will combine with Sulphur trioxide gas to form sulphuric acid

H2O + SO3 = H2SO4
delta G = - 82kJ/mol

H2SO4 + CaCO3 = CaSO4+CO2 + H2O
delta G = - 134kJ/mol

Sulphuric acid and limestone combine to form gypsum and give off water and carbon dioxide.

SO3+CaCO3 = CaSO4 + CO2
delta G = - 213kJ/mol

Sulphur trioxide converts limestone to gypsum or anhydrite and carbon dioxide.

In the presence of hydrogen sulphide (black smokers would be the modern visible reaction zone), the following reactions are possible.

3CO + H2S= 3C (coal/graphite) + SO2 + H2O
delta G = - 94kJ/mol

Coal is therefore created by the reduction of carbon monoxide by hydrogen sulphide gas with the release of sulphur dioxide and water. Coal is of course a more complex structure with nitrogen, sulphur and hydrogen atoms in its molecular structure.

[page 95]

Graphite or solid carbon can also be created by the pyrolysis of methane in the absence of air. This would be possible in fault zones at depth where heat and reducing conditions are the norm.

The accepted origin for coal and gas is through forests and plankton being buried under heat and pressure. Tree fern fossils or pterodactyl fossils in coal do not mean that these fossils created the coal. The fossils were preserved in non – oxidizing, reducing conditions. Coal is therefore a chemical sedimentary deposit as is chert and dolomite. Leaves preserved as sandstone or mudstone are only evidence of the preservative material, not what the living plants were made of while they were alive. A sabre tooth tiger or mammoth preserved in a tar pit does not mean that tar pits are created from dead mammals, it simply tells us how the animal was preserved or fossilized. The accepted origin for oil is through plankton being buried and oil being created from an accumulation of these tiny single and multi-cellular organisms under reducing
conditions. Let us move forward and understand that oil is an excellent preservative material as is formalin. Let us understand that the preservative materials like oil and coal are complex carbon based liquids and solids that helped preserve the plants and animals of the past. Carbon Chondrites or meteorites from outer space composed almost totally of carbon do not indicate that trees or plants created these meteorites. Diamonds made of pure carbon from 100 miles beneath our feet are not evidence of plants being buried and preserved at mantle depths.

With further research, I would like to prove the above is true in carbonate geology by:

1.) Increasing oil production in carbonate lithology by locating oil wells in active fault zones.

I would like to increase production in any geology by:

1.) Locating oil and gas wells in hydrogen sulphide rich zones.

2.) By correlating salt domes and rich saline brines to increased oil and gas production.

3.) By locating new oil sources by buried layers of gypsum or anhydrite.

4.) Dating the oil and separating ancient oil from modern day produced oil. I believe that the really rich supplies are being produced today and are renewable just as water is either ancient and non-renewable or modern-day and is being renewed by rainfall.

5.) Solving the worlds increasing carbon dioxide by injecting it and hydrogen sulphide into oil fields in active fault zones, hot environments and saline brine environments in order produce more oil and gas. A waste product becomes a renewable resource.